Perceived social support on campus, which includes having a feeling of connectedness and feeling cared about and valued.

To support online students in developing SDL skills, researchers need effective metrics to track the extent to which students have developed these skills.

Learning techniques and self-discipline strategies that help learners to take greater ownership for achieving specific learning goals.

We believe that relatively simple instructional enhancements … can improve students’ course grades in STEM, their use of self-directed learning processes, and their confidence and motivation as learners.

A big advantage of higher education is the abundance of innovative faculty members with autonomy to choose instructional tools and resources.

Ability to perceive learning challenges as opportunities to improve intelligence, knowledge, and skills in a domain.